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目的了解2009—2012年钟山县手足口病的流行特征,为制定手足口病防控措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对钟山县2009—2012年手足口病疫情资料进行分析。结果 2009—2012年全县共报告手足口病4 735例,年均报告发病率为273.31/10万,各年发病率分别为108.29/10万、214.53/10万、421.83/10万、345.68/10万;全县各乡镇均有病例报告,其中钟山镇发病数最多,占病例总数的32.99%(1 562/4 735);全年均有病例报告,5—8月为发病高峰,占总病例数的66.72%(3 159/4 735)。5岁以下儿童占91.40%(4 328/4 735);男性2 873例,女性1 862例,男女性别比为1.54∶1;散居儿童发病最多,共4 122例,占87.05%(4 122/4 735)。实验室共检测病例样本186份,检出阳性134份,阳性率为72.04%;其中EV71阳性73份,占阳性总数的54.48%;Cox A16阳性30份,占阳性总数的22.39%;其他肠道病毒阳性31份,占阳性总数的23.13%。结论 2009—2012年钟山县手足口病流行具有明显的季节、地区和人群特征,应采取综合性防治措施加强对散居儿童等重点人群的手足口病防控工作。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Zhongshan County from 2009 to 2012 and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control measures of hand-foot-mouth disease. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemic data of HFMD in Zhongshan County from 2009 to 2012. Results A total of 4 735 HFMD cases were reported in the county from 2009 to 2012, with an average annual incidence rate of 273.31 / 100,000. The annual incidence rates were 108.29 / lakh, 214.53 / lakh, 421.83 / lakh and 345.68 / 100000; county township have case reports, of which Zhongshan most incidence, accounting for 32.99% of the total number of cases (1 562/4 735); annual case reports, peak incidence in May-August, accounting for 66.72% of the total number of cases (3 159/4 735). The number of children under the age of 5 accounted for 91.40% (4 328/4 735). There were 2 873 males and 1 862 females, with a sex ratio of 1.54:1. The incidence of diaspora was the highest in 4 122 cases (87.05%) (4 122 / 4 735). A total of 186 samples were detected in the laboratory, of which 134 were positive, with a positive rate of 72.04%. Among them, 73 were positive for EV71, accounting for 54.48% of the total; 30 were positive for Cox A16, accounting for 22.39% of the total; Positive 31 viruses, accounting for 23.13% of the total positive. Conclusion The epidemic of hand, foot and mouth disease in Zhongshan county of 2009-2012 has obvious seasonal, regional and population characteristics. Comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken to prevent and control hand-foot-mouth disease in key population such as diaspora.