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清末民初,中国农业正处于开始由传统农业向近代农业发展的转折时期。甲午战争后,在帝国主义对华侵略不断深入、中国经济进一步半殖民地化的过程中,对外贸易的扩大、农产品出口的增加、外国资本和本国资本新式工业、以及铁路和轮船运输业的兴起,刺激了商业性农业的发展:一些地区经济技术作物的种植迅速推广,农产品的商品化程度明显提高,农民同市场的联系更加密切,现金收支在农户收支总量中所占比重不同程度地加大。这表明,部分地区的农业正从自给自足的传统农业加速向近代商业性农业转变。
At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, China’s agriculture was at a turning point beginning with the development of traditional agriculture to modern agriculture. After the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895, in the course of further imperialist aggression against China and the further semi-colonialization of China’s economy, the expansion of foreign trade, the increase of agricultural products exports, the rise of new industries of foreign capital and domestic capital, and the rise of railways and shipping industries, Stimulated the development of commercial agriculture: the planting of economic and technological crops in some areas was rapidly popularized, the commercialization of agricultural products significantly improved, and the relationship between farmers and markets was even closer. The proportion of cash receipts and expenditures in the total income and expenditure of rural households varied in varying degrees Increase. This shows that agriculture in some areas is accelerating the transition from modern self-sufficient traditional agriculture to modern commercial agriculture.