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以‘夏黑’葡萄(Vitis labruscana‘Black Summer’)为试材,选择两个生长关键时期(成花期与转色期),利用半定量RT-PCR和荧光定量PCR技术对5个氮代谢基因(VvGHD、VvNiR、VvNR、VvGS和VvAS)在叶面喷施不同氮肥处理后的表达情况进行分析,并对葡萄新梢增长量、叶面积增长量、落花落果率、果实大小等指标进行统计分析。两个时期叶面喷施不同浓度5种氮肥后,5个基因的表达量整体呈现出增高趋势,因喷施氮肥不同,同一基因在响应强度和时间上存在差异,基因响应强度大、时间长的肥料对葡萄生理性状的提高也较显著。综合基因表达与生理变化两方面验证,得出尿素、硝酸铵对葡萄生长发育所起肥效最好,硝酸钙有助于减少落花落果率,硫酸铵与硝酸钠相对肥效较差。
Vitis labruscana’Black Summer ’was used as experimental material to select two key growth stages (flowering stage and flowering stage). Semi-quantitative RT-PCR and real-time quantitative PCR were used to analyze five nitrogen metabolism genes (VvGHD, VvNiR, VvNR, VvGS and VvAS) were analyzed after foliar application of different nitrogen fertilizers, and statistical analysis was made on the growth of new shoots, the growth of leaf area, the rate of fruit drop and fruit size . The results showed that the expression of 5 genes increased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer with different concentrations of foliar spray in two periods. Because of the different application of nitrogen fertilizer, the same gene had different response intensity and time, Of the fertilizer on grape physiological traits also more significant. Comprehensive validation of both gene expression and physiological changes showed that urea and ammonium nitrate had the best effect on grape growth and development, while calcium nitrate helped to reduce the rate of drop and fruit drop. The relative fertilizer efficiency of ammonium sulfate and sodium nitrate was poor.