1在很多书籍里被誉为雪域的西藏,坐落在看似与世隔绝的雪原之上,其实它并不如想象中的封闭,仔细研读其文化之构成,会有很多令人意外的发现。西藏正好位于中、印之间,长久以来深受婆罗门教吠陀经典与史诗文化、佛教金刚乘思想和萨满教巫术信仰的影响,此外,它对中原道教及汉族传统文化也有一定程度的吸收。以原始苯教为基石的本土人文环境,在中、印两大文化系统的汇流之下,逐渐融铸成令人眩目神迷的西藏传统文化,为西藏古典传统文学供给大量的素材、主 1 In many books, the snow-capped Tibet, situated on a seemingly isolated snow-capped mountain, is not as closed as it is supposed to be. Examining the composition of its culture, there are many surprising discoveries. Tibet is located exactly between China and India. It has long been influenced by the Brahmin Vedic scriptures and epic cultures, the Buddhist Vajrayanas and shamanistic witchcraft beliefs. In addition, it has also absorbed some of the Taoist and Han traditional cultures in Central China. Under the confluence of the two major cultural systems of China and India, the local humanistic environment based on the original Bon religion has gradually melted into dazzling Tibetan traditional culture and supplied a large amount of material for the classical Tibetan traditional literature.