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心脏兴奋传播过程伴随着电激动,即心肌的除极和复极过程。除极面(或复极面)上的全部电荷作用,在偶极矩近似范围内,可等价于1对相隔一定距离的电量相等、电性相反的电荷体系——电偶。它的电性作用可以用向量表示出来,称为心电向量。从电学中可知,电向量为ρ,距离为r的电势由下式决定(图1):
The process of cardiac excitatory transmission is accompanied by electrical activation, the depolarization and repolarization of the myocardium. In addition to the total charge on the surface (or repolarization), it can be equivalent to a pair of charge systems with the same electric potential and opposite charge in a dipole moment approximation. Its electrical effects can be expressed as a vector, known as the ECG vector. It can be seen from the electricity that the electric vector is ρ and the potential at distance r is determined by the following formula (Figure 1):