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目的了解宝鸡市麻疹流行规律,为控制和消除麻疹提出需要改进的地方。方法用描述性流行病学方法分析2006—2013年报告的麻疹病例,用定量法对500名8月龄至14周岁儿童开展血清麻疹Ig G抗体检测。结果宝鸡市2006—2013年共报告麻疹确诊病例256例,年均发病率为0.85/10万,发病率最低为2013年(0.03/10万),最高为2007年(1.87/10万);城区(占34.38%,88/256)和平原县(占51.17%,131/256)发病率高于山区县(14.45%,37/256)。<8月龄和15岁及以上人群发病构成较高,分别占总发病数的17.58%(45/256)和46.09%(118/256)。发病高峰为3—6月,占67.97%。8月龄至14岁儿童调查接种率为97.80%(489/500),麻疹抗体阳性率为87.60%(438/500),抗体平均几何浓度为779.01 m IU/m L。结论未到麻疹类疫苗初种年龄的婴儿为麻疹发病的高危人群,常规免疫覆盖儿童麻疹免疫水平较高。
Objective To understand the epidemic regularity of measles in Baoji City and put forward some areas for improvement in measles control and elimination. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the measles cases reported from 2006 to 2013 and the quantitative IgA antibody was detected in 500 children aged 8 months to 14 years. Results A total of 256 cases of measles were reported in Baoji from 2006 to 2013, with an average annual incidence of 0.85 / 100 000. The lowest incidence was in 2013 (0.03 / 100 000) and the highest was in 2007 (1.87 / 100 000) (34.38%, 88/256) and plain county (51.17%, 131/256) were higher than those in mountainous counties (14.45%, 37/256). The incidence of <8 months old and 15 years old and above was higher, accounting for 17.58% (45/256) and 46.09% (118/256) respectively. The peak incidence of 3-6 months, accounting for 67.97%. The vaccination coverage rate of children aged 8 months to 14 years was 97.80% (489/500), the positive rate of measles antibody was 87.60% (438/500), and the average geometric concentration of antibody was 779.01 m IU / m L. Conclusion The infants who did not reach the initial age of measles vaccine were at high risk of measles. The measles immunization coverage of children with routine immunization was higher.