儿童期各种原因引起的血尿已有很多报导,但儿童期血尿的意义却常被夸大,往往采取一些患儿负担过大的诊断手段,并作出不恰当的诊断。对此,作者根据对164例血尿儿童所进行的检验和随诊,作出分析。初诊时,164例儿童期血尿诊断原发或继发的肾小球性肾炎71例;其它肾疾患19例;下尿路病变6例;余68例未能作出诊断。诊断肾炎的71例中,临床上呈典型急性链球菌 Hematuria has been reported in childhood for various reasons. However, the significance of hematuria in childhood is often exaggerated. Some children often bear the burden of overdiagnosis and make inappropriate diagnosis. In this regard, the author based on 164 cases of children with hematuria were tested and followed up for analysis. In the first visit, 164 children with hematuria diagnosed primary or secondary glomerulonephritis in 71 cases; 19 cases of other renal diseases; lower urinary tract lesions in 6 cases; more than 68 cases failed to make a diagnosis. Among the 71 cases diagnosed with nephritis, it is clinically typical of acute Streptococcus