(一)砖瓦的今昔观砖瓦用来建筑房屋,历时已久.砖又可用来砌造城墙、挡土墙、砖柱、砖拱及作为地板等.从古人的目光来看,砖瓦确为一种主要的建筑材料.由于社会进步,居住方面由平房演进为楼房,由楼房演进为高楼大厦.因此在房屋建筑方面,需要质轻(以减轻基础的载荷),强度高而且要具有隔热、隔音、艺术效果等的材料.于是始发现砖瓦在某些品质方面,较某些材料为差.例如跨径较大的工厂,为了减轻屋面的载荷采用白铁皮或石棉水泥瓦以代替粘土瓦. 上述做法,并不是说现在的粘土瓦应在淘汰之列.倘若具有这种思想那是完全错误的.只有在我国 (a) Bricks and bricks are used to build houses, which have been used for a long time. Bricks can also be used to build city walls, retaining walls, brick columns, brick arches and floors etc. From the eyes of ancient people, bricks and tiles It is indeed a major building material. As a result of social progress, the housing area evolved from a cottage to a building and the building evolved into a high-rise building. Therefore, in terms of housing construction, it needs to be lightweight (to reduce the underlying load), and the strength is high and it must have Materials such as heat insulation, sound insulation, artistic effects, etc. Then it was found that the tiles were inferior to some materials in certain qualities. For example, factories with large spans used tin or asbestos cement tiles to reduce the load on the roof. Instead of clay tiles, the above approach does not mean that the current clay tile should be eliminated. If this idea is completely wrong, it is only in our country.