论文部分内容阅读
康德依据目的论的判断构筑了他的历史哲学的基本原理,这种目的论的判断旨在统一自然与人、必然与自由,并把这种全体的统一视为人的存在的第一原理。人的历史显现为一种人与自然的结构关系,而在这种结构关系中,自然的必然性与人的自由融为一体,浑然天成。人类历史是自然的计划和人的自由的实现。自然不仅拥有极其隐蔽的意图,而且试图通过人的行动,即合目的的自由意志来逐渐实现植根于人的自由的道德人格。康德历史哲学具有双重底蕴:一方面,倡导实现永久和平,贯彻普遍法,建设公民社会和国际联盟;另一方面,倡导实施普遍的道德教育,实现道德人格,创建“人间神国”这一目的王国。
Kant constructs the basic principle of his philosophy of history on the basis of Skopos theory, which aims to unify nature and human beings, necessity and freedom, and regards such unification as the first principle of man’s existence. Human history appears as a structural relationship between man and nature, and in this structural relationship, natural inevitability and human freedom blend into one, totally natural. Human history is the realization of natural plans and human freedom. Not only does nature have extremely concealed intentions, but it tries to gradually realize the moral personality rooted in human freedom through human action, that is, the free will of all purpose. On the one hand, it advocates the realization of permanent peace, the implementation of universal law and the building of civil society and international alliances; on the other hand, Kant advocates the implementation of universal moral education, the realization of moral personality and the establishment of “god of mankind”. A purpose of the kingdom.