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目的:探讨我国9地区3~12岁儿童钙及VD补充其可能的影响因素及其与膳食中钙摄入关系的分析。方法:采用多阶段整群抽样法随机选取9个地区共1 806名儿童,通过问卷调查6个月内补充剂使用情况、人口学等相关信息及半定量FFQ膳食调查;采用SPSS 13.0分析,描述不同分组下补充剂使用情况,利用因子分析提取膳食钙摄入信息,并运用卡方、多因素Logistic回归进行相关分析。结果:3~12岁儿童钙补充率为27.5%,VD补充率为16.6%,钙及VD同时补充率为13.9%。年龄越小、所在地区经济越发达、经常在家吃早餐、每天运动超过1 h、父母越认为孩子瘦且饮食营养不均衡、家庭受教育程度越高等钙补充率就越高。结论:调查的3~12岁儿童的年龄、地区、在家吃早餐情况、运动情况、父母对孩子体重及饮食营养认知、家庭受教育程度是儿童钙、VD补充的显著影响因素。
Objective: To investigate the possible influencing factors of calcium and VD supplementation in children aged 3 ~ 12 in 9 districts of China and their relationship with dietary calcium intake. Methods: A total of 1 806 children in 9 districts were randomly selected by multistage cluster sampling method. The questionnaires were used to investigate the use of supplements, demographic information and semi-quantitative FFQ diet surveys within 6 months. SPSS 13.0 analysis was used to describe The use of supplements in different groups, the use of factor analysis to extract dietary calcium intake information, and the use of chi-square, multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: The calcium supplementation rate in children aged 3 to 12 years was 27.5%, that of VD was 16.6%, and that of calcium and VD was 13.9% at the same time. The younger the younger the region, the more developed the economy, often eat breakfast at home, exercise more than 1 h per day, parents believe that children are lean and diets nutrition is not balanced, the higher the level of family education, calcium supplement rate higher. Conclusion: The age, area, breakfast at home, exercise status, parents’ cognition of children’s body weight and nutrition, and the degree of family education among children aged 3 ~ 12 years are the significant influencing factors of children’s calcium and VD supplementation.