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本文认为价格和价值二者在本质上有区别，但也有联系。价格不仅是价值的货币表现，而且也是均衡效用的货币表现；价值的货币表现仅是卖方价格，均衡效用（它的基础是使用价值）的货币表现则是买方价格。在现实生活中，卖方的出售价就是卖方价格，买方的还价就是买方价格，出价、还价相等或统一形成价格或成交价格。仅有卖价不形成价格，仅有买价也不形成价格。本文认为在价值为一定或不变时，价格与价值的不一致，不仅与供求等外因有关，而且和决定价格的其它内因也有关。价格就是由四个内部因素组成，即成本、利润欲、商品的边际效用时间与买方的效用欲。本文认为“利润欲”、“效用欲”、“效用”和“边际效用”等概念都是事物客观现象的反映，虽然它们都具有主观性质，但它们都是受一定的客观规律制约而不得任意。本文对它们进行了从现象到本质的分析。
This article considers that there are essential differences between price and value, but there are also links. The price is not only the monetary performance of value, but also the currency performance of the equilibrium utility; the currency performance of value is only the seller’s price, and the currency performance of the equilibrium utility (its basis is the use value) is the buyer’s price. In real life, the seller’s selling price is the seller’s price, the buyer’s counter-offer is the buyer’s price, the bid, the counter-offer are equal or unified to form the price or transaction price. Only the selling price does not form a price, only the buying price does not form a price. This article believes that when the value is constant or constant, the price and value are inconsistent. It is not only related to the external factors such as supply and demand, but also related to other internal factors that determine the price. Price is composed of four internal factors: cost, profit appetite, marginal utility time of goods and buyer’s utility desire. This article believes that concepts such as “profit desire”, “utility desire”, “utility”, and “marginal utility” are all reflections of objective phenomena. Although they all have subjective properties, they are subject to certain objective laws and may not be arbitrary. . This article analyzes them from phenomena to essence.