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应用聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）检测了３７例非肝炎相关再生障碍性贫血（ＮＨＡＡ）和１８例肝炎相关再生障碍性贫血（ＨＡＡ）血清中的乙型肝炎病毒ＤＮＡ（ＨＢＶＤＮＡ）、丙型肝炎病毒ＲＮＡ（ＨＣＶＲＮＡ）。结果显示：ＮＨＡＡ的ＨＢＶＤＮＡ检出率为１３．５％（５／３７），ＨＡＡ为２２．２％（４／１８），两者比较Ｐ＞０．０５。ＮＨＡＡ的ＨＣＶＲＮＡ检出率为２．７％（１／３７），ＨＡＡ为３８．９％（７／１８），两者比较Ｐ＜０．０１。丙型肝炎相关再生障碍性贫血的预后较差。提示：ＨＣＶ感染与ＨＡＡ关系密切。
The hepatitis B virus DNA (HBVDNA), hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) were detected by PCR in 37 cases of non-hepatitis related aplastic anemia (NHAA) and 18 cases of hepatitis-related aplastic anemia (HAA) RNA (HCVRNA). The results showed that the detection rate of HBVDNA in NHAA was 13.5% (5/37) and that in HAA was 22.2% (4/18), both P <0.05. The HCV RNA detection rate of NHAA was 2.7% (1/37) and HAA was 38.9% (7/18), both P <0.01. The prognosis of hepatitis C-related aplastic anemia is poor. Tip: HCV infection and HAA are closely related.