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目的研究矽肺病灶内肥大细胞的表型。方法非暴露式气管内注入石英粉尘悬液复制大鼠矽肺模型。用甲苯胺蓝、阿新兰－沙红Ｏ染色及图像分析等方法，观察、分析矽肺组织中肥大细胞数量及表型的变化。结果（１）实验组染尘后１、４、１２、２４、３６、４８周单位面积肥大细胞数量增加，与对照组比较，差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０５）。（２）增生的肥大细胞主要是结缔组织表型肥大细胞。（３）肺实质中结缔组织型肥大细胞的增加与矽肺病程呈直线正相关。结论肥大细胞，特别是结缔组织型肥大细胞，在矽肺的发生发展中可能具有一定作用。
Objective To study the phenotype of mast cells in silicotic lesions. Methods Non-exposed intratracheal instillation of quartz dust suspension to replicate rat silicosis model. Toluidine blue, Azone - sand red O staining and image analysis and other methods to observe and analyze the silicosis of the number of mast cells and phenotypic changes. Results (1) The number of mast cells per unit area was increased in experimental group at 1, 4, 12, 24, 36 and 48 weeks after the infection, which was significantly different from the control group (P <0.05). (2) Hyperplastic mast cells are mainly connective tissue phenotype mast cells. (3) The increase of connective tissue-type mast cells in lung parenchyma was positively correlated with the duration of silicosis. Conclusion Mast cells, especially connective tissue type mast cells, may play a role in the development of silicosis.