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目的探讨福建省<15岁儿童乙型病毒性肝炎(乙肝)发病的影响因素,为控制乙肝流行提供依据。方法根据2003年分层整群随机抽样进行儿童乙肝病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)携带率调查结果,随机抽取其中6个县(市、区),采用1∶2病例对照研究设计,对2005年以临床确诊为新发乙肝的儿童为病例,其同性别,同自然村或街道和年龄相差±2岁的、无血缘关系的、排除为乙肝的儿童为对照,使用统一调查表,进行问卷调查。资料编码量化后录入计算机,用SPSS13.0软件包进行条件Logistic单因素和多因素统计分析。结果儿童新发乙肝病例对照调查显示,单因素分析结果:乙肝疫苗接种史β=-2.259,本次发病前是否是HBsAg携带者β=-4.103,静脉输液史β=1.005,肌内注射、静脉注射史β=1.005,家庭内乙肝病人或HBsAg携带者β=1.366。多因素分析结果:乙肝疫苗接种史β=-4.131,本次发病前是否是HBsAg携带者β=-6.709。结论家庭内有乙肝病人或HBsAg携带者、有静脉输液史、有肌内或静脉注射史,对儿童乙肝的发病有危险作用;而有乙肝疫苗接种史、本次发病前不是HBsAg携带者,对儿童乙肝的发病有相对的保护作用。
Objective To investigate the influencing factors of hepatitis B (HBV) incidence in children under 15 years old in Fujian province, and to provide basis for controlling hepatitis B epidemic. Methods Based on the stratified cluster random sampling in 2003, the results of HBsAg carrier rate in children were surveyed. Among them, 6 counties (cities and districts) were randomly selected and used for the case-control study of 1: 2. In 2005, Children diagnosed with new-onset hepatitis B were included in the study. Their sex was compared with that of a natural village or street and a non-related unrelated and excluded hepatitis B child with a mean of ± 2 years of age. A questionnaire was conducted using a uniform questionnaire. The data coding was input into the computer after quantification, and SPSS13.0 software package was used for conditional Logistic single factor and multivariate statistical analysis. Results of the survey of new cases of hepatitis B children showed that the univariate analysis: hepatitis B vaccination history β = -2.259, the incidence of HBsAg carriers before the β = -4.103, history of intravenous infusion β = 1.005, intramuscular injection, intravenous Injection history β = 1.005, family hepatitis B patients or HBsAg carriers β = 1.366. Multivariate analysis of the results: hepatitis B vaccination history β = -4.131, before the onset of HBsAg carriers whether β = -6.709. Conclusion Hepatitis B patients or HBsAg carriers in the family have a history of intravenous infusion and a history of intramuscular or intravenous injection, which may have a dangerous effect on the pathogenesis of hepatitis B. However, there is a history of hepatitis B vaccination before the onset of HBsAg carriers. The incidence of hepatitis B has a relative protective effect.