文学是反映时代和社会生活的。苏联文学从七十年代开始出现了一个明显的倾向,针对苏联从六十年代中期起推行的经济体制改革和科技革命,使人民的物质生活水平得到很大提高的同时所带来的一些消极后果——不仅生态平衡遭到破坏,而且人的精神面貌也产生了令人担忧的变化,如消费主义和物欲主义的增长,传统美德的丧失,人际关系的冷漠,乃至人性的泯灭——加强了道德探索,道德问题越来越渗透到各类题材的作品中,以唤起人们注意并消除这些后果。苏联科学院院士克德罗夫指出:“文学和艺术不仅应该跟上科技革命的步伐,而且应该造成某种平衡,某种障碍,以抵制个性差别的消失和对科学技术的片面追求。”一批六十年代登上文坛、描写农村题材的作家在道德探索中取得了引人瞩目的成就。其中的瓦·格·拉斯普京就是一位擅于描写农村道德题材,在当今苏联文坛上颇有影响的作 Literature reflects the times and social life. Soviet literature began to have a clear tendency since the 1970s. In response to some negative consequences brought about by the economic restructuring and scientific and technological revolution launched by the Soviet Union since the mid-1960s, the people’s material and living standards have been greatly improved - Not only is the ecological balance destroyed, but the mental outlook of the people has also caused disturbing changes, such as the growth of consumerism and materialism, the loss of traditional virtues, the indifference of interpersonal relations and even the dehumanization of human nature - Moral exploration, moral issues more and more infiltrated the works of various themes to arouse people’s attention and eliminate these consequences. Kadyrov, an academician of the Soviet Academy of Sciences, said: “Literature and art should not only keep pace with the revolution in science and technology, but should also create some kind of balance and some obstacles to resist the disappearance of individual differences and one-sided pursuit of science and technology.” Writers who boarded the literary world in the 1960s and described rural themes made remarkable achievements in moral exploration. One of them, Vasgras-Putin, is a man who is good at describing the moral subjects in rural areas and is influential in today’s Soviet literary world