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本文指出了斯塔克曼(Stakman)等建立的研究禾谷类锈菌生理分化的概念和方法存在的一些问题。并改用以河北省的叶锈菌测河北省的小麦品种,来直接研究寄主和病原物的相互作用。试验用了来自河北省的叶锈菌菌株86个,分别测河北省的主要推广品种、将推广或参加区域的品系和抗源共24个。从毒力频率,可以看出已推广的品种都严重感染叶锈病。在将推广或参加区试的品系和抗源中都有感病、抗病和中间类型的材料。有5个品种,即石家庄74531、78—4020、PKB L—16、洛夫林10和洛夫林13是高度抗病的。从寄主和病原物伪相互关系可以看出有14种不同的毒性公式。从公式分析,可以看出2个以上的品种与一系列菌株的关系,即可以看出小麦品种的联合抗病性或叶锈菌的联合致病性。作者们认为,用这种方法直接研究寄主和病原物的相互作用,对抗病育种和生产提供的情报,要比单纯提供一份以编号对小种命名的小种名单要直接和有用得多。这种情报,对于选择品种进行杂交,考虑品种合理布局或进行生物间遗传学研究等都有好处。
This article points out some of the problems with the concept and method of studying the physiological differentiation of cereal rust caused by Stakman et al. And use the leaf rust test in Hebei Province Hebei Province, wheat varieties to directly study the host and pathogen interactions. Twenty-eight strains of Puccinia triticina from Hebei Province were used in the experiment. Twenty-four of the main cultivars were screened in Hebei Province, and a total of 24 strains and resistant sources were popularized or participated in the area. From the frequency of virulence, it can be seen that the varieties that have been promoted are seriously infected with leaf rust. There will be susceptible, disease-resistant and intermediate types of materials in both the line and the source that will promote or participate in the district test. There are 5 varieties, namely Shijiazhuang 74531, 78-4020, PKB L-16, Lovrin 10 and Lovrin 13 are highly resistant. From the pseudo-correlation between host and pathogen, we can see that there are 14 different toxicity formulas. From the formula analysis, we can see more than two varieties and a series of strains, we can see that the joint disease resistance of wheat varieties or leaf rust combined pathogenicity. The authors believe that using this method to directly study host-pathogen interactions provides much more direct and useful information than to provide a list of races numbered with races . This kind of information is good for selecting breeds for hybridization, considering the rational distribution of breeds or conducting inter-biological genetic studies.