本文根据一个弱冬性小麦杂交组合的F_3代系统10个性状值及它们的表型相关阵和遗传力阵,估算出系统的典范性状值,典范遗传力、系统间典范遗传距离,並进行聚类分析。由此,对杂交后代进行了两种选择,一种是根据育种目标对遗传力高的典范性状进行独立水平法的方向性选择;另一种是对系统的不同类群进行保存遗传差异的选择。实例分析表明,前一种选择是可靠性高並且易于掌握的综合选择,后一种选择能改善系谱法中过早定向选择引起后代遗传变异贫乏的问题。 In this paper, based on the ten traits of F_3 generation system and their phenotypic correlation matrix and heritability matrix in a weak winter wheat cross combination, the canonical trait value, canonical heritability and inter-system canonical genetic distance were estimated and clustered Class analysis As a result, two choices are made for crossing offspring. One is to select the heritability of the heritability by the independent level method according to the breeding goal, and the other is to choose the different genetic groups to save the genetic differences. The case study shows that the former option is a comprehensive and reliable choice which is easy to master and the latter option can improve the problem of the poor genetic variation caused by the premature selection in the pedigree method.