我国新疆地区气候干燥,降水十分稀少,蒸发量大,砂土渗漏严重。因此,农业完全依赖灌溉。当地人民在同干旱的自然条件长期斗争中,创造了开挖坎儿井引用地下水灌溉的方法。坎凡井(Kariz),是一种在干旱地区取用地下水的地下渠道。它的开挖方法是先在地面上每隔几十米挖一竖井,然后在井下向两边挖土,掘成一条暗渠。其一 China’s Xinjiang region has a dry climate, very few precipitation, large amount of evaporation and serious sand seepage. Therefore, agriculture relies entirely on irrigation. In the long struggle against the natural conditions of drought, the local people have created a method of excavating groundwater for Karez well. Kariz, a subterranean canal that uses groundwater in arid areas. Its method of excavation is to dig a shaft at intervals of tens of meters on the ground and then excavate both sides of the well underground to dig into a culvert. One of them