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目的探讨精子细胞内中心小体蛋白135（CEP135）在弱精症发生过程中的作用机制及其意义。方法应用计算机辅助精液分析对91例精液样本进行参数检测，根据（a+b）级精子百分率分为3组，Ⅰ组31例：（a+b）级精子＞50%；Ⅱ组30例：（a+b）级精子25%~50%；Ⅲ组30例：（a+b）级精子＜25%。利用逆转录-实时定量聚合酶链反应（RT-qPCR）检测CEP135 mRNA在三组精液中的表达情况。结果3组精液中CEP135 mRNA的平均相对表达水平分别为（9.45×10-2±2.64×10-4）、（9.48×10-2±3.24×10-4）和（9.49×10-2±2.52×10-4），各组之间比较差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；CEP135 mRNA的相对表达水平与精子活力及活动率均呈负相关（r=-0.574，r=-0.476；P＜0.01）。结论弱精症中高表达的CEP135 mRNA可以通过改变精子细胞内CEP135蛋白的表达情况而影响微管的正常结构与功能，进而导致精子细胞的活力降低。“,” Objective To explore the expression of CEP135 in semen of patients with asthenozoospermia and its significance. Methods Semen parameters of 91 semen samples were obtained by computer assisted sperm analysis (CASA) .Semen samples were divided into three groups based on the percentage of grade a and b sperm such as, GroupsⅠ(n=31, a+b>50%) ,Ⅱ(n=30, a+b 25%~50%) ,Ⅲ(n=30, a+b<25%). The expression of CEP135 in semen samples was detected by RT-qPCR. Results The relative expressions of CEP135 in semen samples of three groups were 9.45×10-2±2.64×10-4, 9.48×10-2±3.24×10-4, 9.49×10-2±2.52×10-4, respectively. Statistic differences in CEP135 expression were found among three groups. The expression of CEP135 mRNA was negatively related to the motility and active ratio of sperm(r=-0.574, r=-0.476;P<0.01). Conclusion The higher expression of CEP135 in semen of patients with asthenozoospermia might affect microtubule structure and function in sperm, which result in the lower motility of sperm.