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目的调查安徽省蚌埠市老年人日常生活能力(ADL)现状,探讨影响老年人ADL的因素。方法于2013年11—12月,从蚌埠市204个社区中随机整群抽取1个社区,对符合纳入标准的746位老年人进行入户调查。调查工具包括一般情况调查表、日常生活能力量表(ADL)、社会支持量表(SSRS)及居家不出(housebound)调查表。结果蚌埠市老年人日常生活能力平均值为(17.45±7.30)分,211位老年人出现ADL受损,受损率为28.28%。年龄大(OR=21.66,95%CI=10.91~43.00)、从不锻炼身体(OR=3.46,95%CI=1.90~6.27)、患慢性疾病(OR=0.07,95%CI=0.03~0.16)、有housebound(OR=0.10,95%CI=0.05~0.20)是影响老年人ADL的危险因素。结论影响老年人ADL的因素包括躯体、社会和环境各方面,应根据具体影响因素采取相应措施,预防和控制老年人ADL受损。
Objective To investigate the status of ADL in elderly in Bengbu, Anhui Province, and to explore the factors affecting ADL in the elderly. Methods From November to December 2013, a community was randomly selected from 204 communities in Bengbu, and 746 seniors who met the inclusion criteria were surveyed. Survey tools included a general survey, an ADL, a SSRS and a housebound questionnaire. Results The average daily living ability of the elderly in Bengbu City was (17.45 ± 7.30) points. 211 elderly people had ADL impaired with a rate of 28.28%. (OR = 0.07, 95% CI = 0.03-0.16) were older (OR = 21.66,95% CI = 10.91-43.00), never exercised (OR = 3.46,95% CI = 1.90-6.27) Housebound (OR = 0.10, 95% CI = 0.05 ~ 0.20) were the risk factors of ADL in the elderly. Conclusion The factors influencing ADL in the elderly include somatic, social and environmental aspects. Corresponding measures should be taken according to the specific factors to prevent and control the ADL impairment in the elderly.