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目的了解武汉地区宫颈感染人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)患者年龄分布、HPV感染亚型,为HPV感染及宫颈癌的预防和治疗提供科学依据。方法对2015年1月—2016年3月武汉市妇女儿童医疗保健中心妇产科送检的9 915份宫颈刷取物标本进行HPV基因分型检测(21种亚型),对1 732例HPV阳性病例的临床数据进行统计分析。结果≤25、26~、36~、46~和≥56岁年龄组HPV阳性率分别为22.15%、15.90%、17.04%、19.97%和17.57%,各组差异具有统计学意义(χ~2=36.587,P<0.01),≤25和46~岁年龄组的阳性率均高于其他各组。不同年龄组患者单一感染和多重感染率比较,差异均有统计学意义(χ~2值分别为14.39、36.51,均P<0.05),单一感染以46~和≤25组最高,分别为15.41%、15.24%;多重感染以≤25和≥56年龄组最高,感染率分别为6.90%和5.86%。单一感染和多重感染所占比率分别为75.58%、24.42%,单一感染以HPV高危亚型为主(84.34%),多重感染以高危-高危复合型和高危-低危复合型为主,分别占60.52%、38.77%。以单一感染为主导的有HPV高危亚型33、68、31、16型和HPV低危亚型11型,其所致单一感染/多重感染的比值分别为3.13、2.03、1.71、1.67和2.00。结论武汉地区宫颈HPV感染率以≤25和46~岁年龄组较高,单一感染和多重感染HPV各亚型分布具有差异。
Objective To understand the age distribution and HPV subtypes of cervical HPV infection in Wuhan area and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of HPV infection and cervical cancer. Methods A total of 9 915 samples of cervical brush samples (21 subtypes) submitted to the Obstetrics and Gynecology Center of Women and Children’s Medical Center of Wuhan from January 2015 to March 2016 were collected. A total of 1732 HPVs Positive cases of clinical data for statistical analysis. Results The positive rate of HPV was 22.15%, 15.90%, 17.04%, 19.97% and 17.57% respectively in the groups of ≤25,26 ~, 36 ~, 46 ~ and ≥56 years old. The differences among the groups were statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 36.587, P <0.01). The positive rates in ≤25 and 46 ~ age groups were higher than those in other groups. The single infection rate and multiple infection rate in different age groups were statistically significant (χ ~ 2 values were 14.39,36.51, all P <0.05), single infection was highest in 46 ~ and ≤ 25 groups were 15.41% , 15.24% respectively. The highest infection rates were ≤25 and ≥56 in multiple infection, with the infection rates of 6.90% and 5.86% respectively. The rates of single infection and multiple infection accounted for 75.58% and 24.42%, respectively. The single infection was mainly at high risk of HPV (84.34%). The multiple infections were mainly at high risk - high risk and high risk - low risk, accounting for 60.52%, 38.77%. The single infection-predominant HPV subtypes 33, 68, 31, and 16 and HPV subtypes of low-risk type 11 were 3.13, 2.03, 1.71, 1.67 and 2.00, respectively. Conclusion The prevalence of cervical HPV infection in Wuhan is higher than 25 and 46 years old, and there is a difference in the distribution of HPV among multiple infections and multiple infections.