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目的了解北京市昌平区性传播疾病(简称性病)的发病趋势和流行特征,探讨其流行规律,为今后制定预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法对2009—2014年昌平区性病疫情报告资料及人口学数据进行统计分析。结果 2009—2012年,全区5种性病发病率呈下降趋势,年均下降26.48%;2013年较2012年增长了33.54%。2009—2014年STD病例构成主要以梅毒、尖锐湿疣和淋病为主,三者合计构成比在87.06%~96.01%之间;男女STD报告病例差异有统计学意义(χ~2=20.56,P<0.05);20~<40岁的性活跃人群发病率最高,占全部STD病例数的61.01%~71.07%。结论昌平区2009—2012年性病发病率呈下降趋势;2013年疫情开始有回升。性病发病主要集中在男性、青壮年这一群体,40岁以上年龄组发病率逐年增加,应根据疫情特点,有针对性地开展性病防治工作。
Objective To understand the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of STD in Changping District, Beijing, and to explore its epidemic rules and provide a scientific basis for future prevention and control measures. Methods The statistical data of sexually transmitted disease (STD) outbreaks and demographic data from 2009 to 2014 in Changping District were statistically analyzed. Results From 2009 to 2012, the incidence of five sexually transmitted diseases in the region showed a downward trend, with an average annual decrease of 26.48%. In 2013, the incidence of five sexually transmitted diseases showed a decrease of 33.54% compared with that in 2012. The main constituent of STD cases in 2009-2014 were syphilis, condyloma acuminatum and gonorrhea, with the total constituent ratios of 87.06% -96.01%. There was significant difference between the male and female STD cases (χ ~ 2 = 20.56, P < 0.05). The incidence of sexual active population from 20 to 40 years old was the highest, accounting for 61.01% -71.07% of all STD cases. Conclusion The incidence of venereal diseases in Changping District decreased from 2009 to 2012; the epidemic began to rebound in 2013. The incidence of STDs mainly concentrated in this group of men and adolescents, the incidence of the age group over the age of 40 increased year by year, should be based on the characteristics of the epidemic, targeted to carry out STD prevention and control work.