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土地整治对土地利用空间布局优化具有重要的引导作用.本文选取北京市大兴区1∶10 000土地利用现状数据,以乡镇作为分析单元,进行空间重构方法探讨;其次从高标准基本农田建设要求出发,确定空间重构分析参数及标准值;最后对土地整治过程中存在的空间重构问题进行分析研究.结果表明:(1)大兴区各乡镇的耕地面积比例未达到60%的依次是亦庄镇、旧宫镇、西红门镇、黄村镇等,仅礼贤镇达满足要求,土地整治需通过土地利用转型解决;(2)满足高标准建设中形状指数要求的耕地斑块仅有2538块,占全区19.30%,形状指数处于1.06—1.5的比例最大;(3)农田基础设施占有率除旧宫镇、礼贤镇、榆垡镇、安定镇、庞各庄镇、魏善庄镇的农田基础设施不到8%外,其余各镇的农田基础设施占有率均已超出标准值,且以亦庄镇、西红门镇尤为严重;(4)大兴区大于13.3hm2以上的耕地斑块数共705块,占全区总斑块数的5.36%,需通过小块并大块实现耕地集中连片,以达到区域农业规模化生产.
Land reclamation plays an important guiding role in the optimization of spatial distribution of land use.In this paper, 1: 10,000 land use status data of Daxing District, Beijing was selected as an analysis unit, and spatial reconstruction method was explored. Secondly, from the requirements of high standard basic farmland construction And then determine the parameters and standard values of spatial reconstruction analysis.Finally, the spatial reconstruction problems in the process of land remediation are analyzed and studied.The results show that: (1) The proportion of arable land in each township in Daxing District is less than 60% Town, Jugong town, Xihongmen town, Huangcun town etc. Only the town of Rixian can meet the requirements and land remediation needs to be solved through the transformation of land use. (2) The cultivated land patches meeting the shape index requirement of high standard construction are only 2538 Which accounted for 19.30% of the total area and the shape index was the largest among 1.06-1.5. (3) The share of farmland infrastructure except for the towns of Jiugong, Rixian, Yuji, Anding, Panggezhuang and Wei Shanzhuang Farmland infrastructure accounted for less than 8% of the total. The remaining farmland infrastructure in each of the remaining townships exceeded the standard and was particularly serious in Yizhuang and Xixingmen Townships. (4) Cultivated land patches larger than 13.3hm2 in Daxing District 705 total, 5.36% of total number of plaques Chief, by the need to achieve small bulk farmland and concentrated, which in order to achieve large-scale production of agricultural areas.