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农用拟除虫菊酯是七十年代新发展的仿生农药,对多种害虫具有优良的防治效果,国内已广泛应用于农业害虫的防治,但对天敌昆虫的影响,各地反应不一。为了对拟除虫菊酯对天敌昆虫的毒性有一个初步的认识,以便更好地使用这类农药,现将拟除虫菊酯对一些重要的天敌类群的杀虫作用综述于后,以供参考。 一、寄生峰 过去,一些传统的杀虫剂常常大量杀死寄生蜂,引起害虫再增猖獗。拟除虫菊酯则是一类对寄生性天敌较为安全的新农药。 Waddill(1978)以四种拟除虫菊酯用泸纸药膜法对五种寄生蜂进行了研究后指出,高剂量的杀灭菊酯(90.7克/0.405公顷,有效剂量,下同)对寡节小蜂Diglyphus intermedius、小茧蜂Opius bruneipes及绒茧蜂Apanteles sp.几乎无毒,但对跳小蜂Copidosoma
Pyrethroid in agriculture is a biomimetic pesticide newly developed in the seventies. It has excellent control effects on various pests and has been widely used in the prevention and control of agricultural pests in the country. However, the effects on insects of natural enemies vary from place to place. In order to have a preliminary understanding of the toxicity of pyrethroid to natural enemy insects in order to make better use of these pesticides, the insecticidal effects of pyrethroids on some important natural enemy populations are summarized here for reference. First, the parasitic peak In the past, some traditional pesticides often kill parasitic wasps in large numbers, causing the pest to increase again and again. Pyrethroids are a class of new pesticides that are safer for parasitic natural enemies. Waddill (1978) studied four parasitoids using four kinds of pyrethrins by the paper-based method. The high doses of fenvalerate (90.7 g /0.405 ha, the same below) Diglyphus intermedius, Opius bruneipes and Apanteles sp., Almost nontoxic, but copidosoma