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众所周知,钛合金受内部氢或者环境氢的影响容易变脆。对这种脆性的大多数研究是在接近室温的条件下进行的,对低温特性却注意得很少。然而,钛构件往往在稍低于室温的条件下使用,而且最近关于钛合金在-80～20℃温度下的脆性研究表明:合金内部的氢浓度在标准要求的限度之内也能出现脆化。这很好地说明这种脆性可以归因于氢扩散到强三向区,其后形成的氢化物可以引起脆化、裂纹、最后断裂。本文将叙述这方面的理论研究和实验结果,而且将证明理论模型预言的结果和实验数据符合得很好。在低于室温大约100℃下,实验观测的和理论预测的最大裂纹生长速度具有特别重要意义。本文将叙述这些结果在钛合金的构件设计和限制合金中合理的氢浓度时的重要性和它们的内在关系。
It is well known that titanium alloys tend to become brittle due to the effects of internal hydrogen or hydrogen. Most of the research on this brittleness is carried out at near room temperature, with little attention paid to the low temperature properties. However, titanium components are often used under slightly lower room temperature, and more recent research on the brittleness of titanium alloys at -80 to 20 ° C shows that hydrogen concentrations within the alloy can also embrittle within the standard requirements . This shows very well that this brittleness can be attributed to the diffusion of hydrogen into strong three-way zones where the hydride formed can cause embrittlement, cracking and finally fracture. This article will describe the theoretical research and experimental results in this area, and will prove that the theoretical model predictions and experimental data in good agreement. At about 100 ° C below room temperature, experimental and theoretically predicted maximum crack growth rates are of particular importance. This article describes the importance of these results in the design of titanium alloy components and in limiting the reasonable hydrogen concentration in alloys and their intrinsic relationships.