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目的 :研究自然湿热环境 (Td:2 9～ 33℃ ,RH :>70 % )中士兵着佩新型个人防护器材(IPE)的穿着时限 (ET)和热应激反应。方法 :50名受试者来自野战部队、且自然热习服。受试者在较平坦的硬沙土地面行军 ,时速 5km。ET试验内容包括 :(1) 50名受试者内着作训服、外着IPE的全防护状态试验 (Full-p) ;(2 ) 15名受试者着佩同Full -p、并携行单兵战斗装具试验 (Full-Pw) ;(3) 15名受试者经 7d的进一步热习服锻炼后 ,重复Full -P条件试验 (Full -Pr)。ET判定依据为 :肛温升高 2℃、心率达 180b·min- 1并持续 5min、有中暑先兆症状 ,或难以坚持试验。结果 :Full-P、Full-Pr和Full -Pw的ET试验结果分别为 55.9± 5.7min、58.7± 10 .2min和 4 5.1± 4 .5min ;Full-P与Full -Pr结果间无显著差异 ,但两者均与Full -Pw差异显著。Full -Pw时受试者热蓄积率 (94 .9± 11.6W·m- 2 )显著高于Full -P(73.4± 9.9W·m- 2 )和Full -Pr(76 .7±13.4W·m- 2 )。结论 :在典型湿热环境中和中等作业强度下 ,着佩新型IPE士兵的ET不足 1h ;同时 ,热应激是严重的和不可代偿的 ,进一步热习服锻炼也不能减轻人员的热应激反应水平。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the time-to-wear (ET) and thermal stress response of soldiers wearing a new Personal Protective Equipment (IPE) in natural hot and humid environments (Td: 29-33 ° C, RH:> 70%). Methods: Fifty subjects were from field units and naturally hot served. Subjects marched on a relatively flat, hard sandy surface at a speed of 5km / h. The ET test consisted of: (1) 50 subjects undergoing training session with Full-p undergoing IPE; (2) 15 subjects wearing Full-P and carrying (Full-Pw); (3) 15 subjects were subjected to Full-P conditional test (Full-Pr) after further exercise for 7 days. ET is based on the following: rectal temperature increased 2 ℃, heart rate 180b · min-1 and continued 5min, threatened symptoms of heat stroke, or difficult to adhere to the test. Results: The ET results of Full-P, Full-Pr and Full-Pw were 55.9 ± 5.7min, 58.7 ± 10.2min and 4 5.1 ± 4.5min respectively. There was no significant difference between Full-P and Full- However, both were significantly different from Full-Pw. Full-Pw subjects thermal accumulation rate (94.9 ± 11.6W · m-2) was significantly higher than Full-P (73.4 ± 9.9W · m-2) and Full-Pr (76.7 ± 13.4W · m-2). CONCLUSIONS: In typical wet and hot environments and moderate work intensity, the ET of the new IPE soldier is less than 1 h; at the same time, the heat stress is severe and irremediable, and further heat acclimation exercises can not reduce the heat stress Response level.