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在七十年代以前,人们对胆道疾患中的感染只知是需氧菌感染,而忽略了厌氧菌的作用。近十多年来,由于厌氧菌培养技术的改进,使临床实验室有可能收集、培养及鉴定专性厌氧菌。现在不仅对厌氧菌所致的感染较过去有了全新的认识,而且在胆道疾患中对厌氧菌感染的诊断、防治均有许多新的进展,现概述如下。厌氧菌感染的流行病学人们一直公认为正常胆汁无菌或仅有少数非致病菌,Finegold和Bourgault调查胆道厌氧菌的感染率约50%。最近根据Lygidakis对胆管结石的622例术中取胆汁培养结果,原发性总管结石厌氧菌
Before the seventies, people knew of infections in biliary disorders as aerobic infections, neglecting the role of anaerobic bacteria. In recent ten years, due to the improvement of anaerobic culture technology, clinical laboratories may collect, culture and identify obligate anaerobic bacteria. Now not only for the infection caused by anaerobic than the past have a new understanding, but also in the diagnosis of biliary tract diseases of anaerobic bacteria, prevention and treatment have many new advances are summarized below. Epidemiology of anaerobic infections People have long been recognized as having normal bile asepsis or only a few non-pathogenic bacteria, and Finegold and Bourgault investigate about 50% of biliary anaerobic infections. Recently according to Lygidakis on bile duct stones in 622 cases of bile culture, primary anaerobic stones