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在第二军医大学东方肝胆外科医院近30年期间手术切除的4万余例肝胆肿瘤中,肝脏良性占位性病变(含瘤样病变和良性肿瘤)占17.1%。目前文献报道的肝脏良性占位性病变的组织学类型有60余种,这些肿瘤在临床表现、发病机制、生物学特点、组织学形态和演变趋势等方面各有不同。准确地识别交界性病变或癌前病变、正确地与肝脏恶性肿瘤进行鉴别诊断、科学地制订诊治方案一直是临床病理工作中的重点和难点。为此,应正确地掌握肝脏良性占位性病变的临床病理诊断特点和鉴别诊断要点、合理地组合使用免疫组化和分子病理学等诊断技术方法、科学地评估肿瘤的生物学特性和状态,为临床把握正确的治疗方式、手术时机和随访策略提供有价值的参考依据。
In the more than 40,000 cases of hepatobiliary tumors surgically removed from the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital of the Second Military Medical University in the recent 30 years, 17.1% of the benign liver space-occupying lesions (including tumor-like lesions and benign tumors) were found. At present, there are more than 60 histological types of benign liver lesions in the liver reported in the literature. These tumors are different in clinical manifestations, pathogenesis, biological characteristics, histological morphology and evolution trends. Accurately identify borderline lesions or precancerous lesions, and correctly differentiate the diagnosis of liver malignancy, the development of a scientific diagnosis and treatment programs has been the focus of clinical and pathological work and difficulties. To this end, we should correctly grasp the clinical features and differential diagnosis of benign liver lesions, the combination of reasonable use of immunohistochemistry and molecular pathology and other diagnostic techniques to scientifically assess the biological characteristics and status of the tumor, It provides a valuable reference for clinical to grasp the correct treatment, timing of surgery and follow-up strategy.