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目的对盐田港港区海域浮游植物及其相关生态环境做本底调查,并与船舶压载水中浮游植物种类与数量进行对比分析,了解浮游植物入侵风险,为船舶压载水管理提供依据。方法利用实验室技术对港区海水及船舶压载水进行采样分析,根据现场调查数据综合分析浮游植物外来种入侵风险。结果盐田港港区海水共检出浮游植物90种,其中硅藻占63.33%,甲藻占30.00%、金藻占5.56%、蓝藻占1.11%。监测的35份船舶压载水中均有盐田港港区海域未检测到的浮游植物种。结论船舶压载水中浮游植物与港区海水中浮游植物种群存在差异,存在外来种入侵风险,不同航线间的种群差异也较大,需加强对压载水的分类管理。
Objective To investigate the phytoplankton and its related ecological environment in the Yantian Harbor area, and compare with the types and quantities of phytoplankton in ballast water to understand the risk of phytoplankton invasion and provide basis for ballast water management. Methods The laboratory technique was used to sample and analyze the seawater and ballast water in the port area. Based on the field survey data, the risk of exotic species in phytoplankton was analyzed. Results 90 species of phytoplankton were detected in the Yantian Harbor area, of which 63.33% were diatom, 30.00% were dinoflagellate, 5.56% were Chrysophyta and 1.11% were cyanobacteria. There were undetected phytoplankton species in the Yantian Harbor area in 35 ship ballast water monitored. Conclusions The phytoplankton population in ballast water of ships is different from the population of phytoplankton in seawater of harbor area, so there is a risk of exotic species invaded. There are also large population differences among different routes, and the classification management of ballast water should be strengthened.