血红素加氧酶是血红素降解的起始酶和限速酶,在脑梗死、脑出血等急性脑血管疾病中因氧化应激而表达。血红素加氧酶适度表达能发挥抗氧化、扩管、抗炎、抗凋亡等生物学效应,从而达到保护脑组织的作用;相反血红素加氧酶过度表达则可能导致靶器官的损伤。仅就血红素加氧酶的组成、分布、基因结构与调控、与脑血管疾病的关系等进行综述,以探讨血红素加氧酶在急性脑血管疾病中所起的作用。 Heme oxygenase is the initial enzyme for heme degradation and rate-limiting enzyme, which is expressed in oxidative stress in acute cerebrovascular diseases such as cerebral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage. Moderate expression of heme oxygenase exerts biological effects such as anti-oxidation, expansion, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects, thereby protecting brain tissue. Overexpression of heme oxygenase may lead to target organ damage. Only the composition, distribution, gene structure and regulation of heme oxygenase, and the relationship with cerebrovascular disease were reviewed to explore the role of heme oxygenase in acute cerebrovascular disease.