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为研究新型鲐鲂杂交鱼的肌间骨,采用常规测量和解剖法对鲌鲂F_1(female Culter alburnus Basilewsky×male Megalobrama amblycephala Yih)、鲌鲂F_2(self-crossing of F_1 hybrid offemale C.alburnus×male M.amblycephala)及其母本翘嘴鲌(C.alburnus)、父本团头鲂(M.amblycephala)肌间骨的数目、形态和分布进行统计分析,结果表明,翘嘴鲌肌间骨数目为134—139,平均为136.8根;团头鲂的肌间骨数目为121—129,平均为124.2根;鲌鲂F_1肌间骨数目为129—134,平均为131.6根;鲌鲂F_2肌间骨数目为127—134,平均为130.1根;鲐鲂F_1、F_2与翘嘴鲌、团头鲂之间肌间骨数目差异显著(P<0.05);鲌鲂F_1每一肌节所含肌间骨数目最多,为0.8024;鲌鲂F_2最少,为0.7744;翘嘴鲐和团头鲂介于鲐鲂F_1和F_2之间,分别为0.7953和0.7763。4种鱼均含有“I”形、“卜”形、“Y”形、一端多叉形、两端两分叉形、两端多叉形和树枝形7种类型肌间骨,髓弓小骨比脉弓小骨多且复杂;鱼体左右两侧肌问骨的数目不完全相等,形态也不完全对称,但较为接近,且肌间骨越靠前端,形态越复杂;研究获得的鲌鲂F_1和F_2在肌间骨总数、复杂型肌间骨数目和躯体轴下肌肌间骨数目均较母本有所减少,鲌鲂F_2较F_1还呈下降的趋势,且每一肌节所含肌间骨最少,表现出一种有利于提高食用品质和精深加工的优势。研究结果为鲐鲂属间远缘杂交培育少肌间骨新品种提供了基础资料。
In order to study the intramuscular bones of the new hybrid fishes, female Culter alburnus Basilewsky × male Megalobrama amblycephala Yih, self-crossing of F_1 hybrid of male C. alburnus × male M.amblycephala and C.alburnus and M.amblycephala were analyzed statistically. The results showed that the number of intercostal space With a mean of 136.8. The number of interosseous bones in group B was 121-129, with an average of 124.2. The number of interosseous muscle in group B was 129-134, with an average of 131.6. The number of bones was 127-134 with an average of 130.1. There was significant difference in the number of interosseous bones between F_1, F_2 and Culter alburnus, The number of bones is the largest, 0.8024; F 2 is the least, 0.7744; Culter alburnus and bream are between F_1 and F_2, respectively 0.7953 and 0.7763.4 kinds of fish contain “I” shape, “Bu ” shape, “Y ” shape, one end of many forks, two ends of two forks, two ends of the fork and the tree branches 7 kinds of interosseous bone, More and more complex; the left and right sides of the fish asked the number of bone is not exactly equal, the shape is not completely symmetrical, but close, and the more distal interosseous muscle, the more complex shape; The total number of interosseous, the number of complex interosseous and the number of interosseous intervertebral body soles decreased compared with that of female parent, F_2 also showed a decreasing trend compared with that of F_1, Showing a benefit to improve food quality and intensive processing advantages. The results provided the basic information for the new interspecific hybridization of interspecific hybrids among the lynx species.