马克思、恩格斯从历史唯物主义原则出发,认为农民是生产力分散、依附于行政权威的封建生产关系的代表,是在资本主义大工业的碾压下注定要消亡的一定历史阶段的产物。同时,农民的消亡是一个具体的历史生成过程,既有资产阶级掌握政权后农民迅速消亡的英国式道路,也有小农经济在一定时期被资产阶级政权加以巩固的法国式道路。从唯物史观出发,借鉴西方经验教训,我国当前在农民转变的问题上有符合自身客观实际的特点。 Marx and Engels proceeded from the principle of historical materialism and regarded the peasantry as representatives of the feudal production relations with scattered productive forces and administrative authority. They were the product of a certain historical stage destined to perish under the crushing of the capitalist big industry. At the same time, the demise of peasants is a concrete historical process. Both the British way of peasantry’s rapid demise after the bourgeoisie has seized power and the French-style way that the peasant economy has been consolidated by the bourgeoisie over a certain period of time. Starting from the historical materialism and drawing lessons from Western experiences and lessons, China currently has characteristics that are in line with its own objective reality on the issue of peasants’ transformation.