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一、明代家具形成的社会背景 1279年,元朝统一中国后,某些新兴城市工商业的繁荣兴盛,必然地带来手工业、建筑业及商业的大发展。 1368年,朱元璋建立明朝,《明史·职官志》载:“洪武二十五年(1393)置营缮所,改将作司为营缮所,秩正七品,设所正、所副、所丞各二人,以诸匠之精艺者为之。”十六世纪初叶,政治秩序的稳定,使得国力强盛,商品经济有了较大发展,中国社会出现了资本主义萌芽,天下太平才有开放海禁的政策,通商往来,对外贸易频繁,进一步促使城市的繁荣,消费水准的提高和扩大,需要相应的物质产品作为生命的存在离不开可以依托的载体。《明史·食货志》:宣德(1426—1435)时设有税收机构的大工商城市有
I. The Social Background of Ming Dynasty Furniture Formation In 1279, after the unification of China by the Yuan Dynasty, the prosperity and prosperity of the business and industry in some emerging cities inevitably brought about the great development of handicraft industry, construction industry and commerce. In 1368, the emperor established the Ming Dynasty, “History of the Ming Dynasty official records” contains: “Hongwu twenty-five years (1393) home camp, will change for the Secretary for the camp, the rank of seven products, Deputy prime minister, the prime minister of the two, with the artisans who fine arts. ”“ The beginning of the sixteenth century, the stability of the political order, making strong national economy, commodity economy has made great development, Chinese society has emerged the seeds of capitalism, There is only a policy of opening up the sea to ban on peace in the world, and trade with other countries and frequent foreign trade will further promote the prosperity of the city and the improvement and consumption of standards. The existence of relevant physical products as life can not be separated from the carrier that can be relied on. ”History of Ming Shi Food": Xuan Tak (1426-1435) with a tax agency when the big business city