本研究为了解美国自行车联合会中各类公路运动员有氧和无氧能力。通过38名公路自行车运动员(32名男性.6名女性)各完成一组最大吸氧量和Wingate无氧测试后,发现Ⅱ级男选手在最大吸氧量方面,无论绝对值还是相对值,都是最高的。分别比Ⅲ级和Ⅳ级运动员高出6%和10%。这些数据分别为4.98±0.14与4.72±0.15与4.54±0.121/分。分析表明在Ⅱ级和Ⅳ级男子自行车运动员间存在显著性差异(<0.05),同时女运动员的最大吸氧量(3.37±0.13/分)明显低于男性P<0.05)。Wingate无氧测试表明,Ⅱ级男运动员无氧输出功率也最高。三者的最高输出功率分别是13.86±0.23,13.55±0.25和12.80±0.41瓦/千克,平均输出功率分别是11.22±0.18,11.06±0.15和10.40±0.30瓦/千克,Ⅱ级和Ⅲ级运动员的平均输出功率间存在明显的差异(P<0.05)。女选手的最大和平均输出功率值都明显低于对等男运动员(P<0.05)。但是,如果考虑到两性间瘦体重的不同,无氧功率结果具有非性别的一致性,另外,上述两种均未在有氧和无氧测定值间发现有必然的联系,总之,Ⅱ级自行车运动员具有较高的有氧、无氧输出功率的特征。据此,我们认为有氧、无氧能力可能是自行车运动员竞赛成绩的重要决定因素。 This study was conducted to understand the aerobic and anaerobic abilities of various road athletes in the American Cycling Federation. After completing a set of maximum oxygen uptake and Wingate anaerobic tests with 38 road cyclists (32 males and 6 females), it was found that the level II male athletes, both in absolute terms and in relative terms, Is the highest. Respectively 6% and 10% higher than Grade III and IV athletes. These data were 4.98 ± 0.14 and 4.72 ± 0.15 and 4.54 ± 0.121 / min, respectively. Analysis showed that there was a significant difference (<0.05) between the grade Ⅱ and grade Ⅳ men cyclists, while the maximum oxygen uptake of female athletes (3.37 ± 0.13 / min) was significantly lower than that of men (P <0.05). Wingate anaerobic test showed that, Ⅱ-level male athletes also have the highest oxygen-free output. The maximum output power of the three was 13.86 ± 0.23, 13.55 ± 0.25 and 12.80 ± 0.41 W / kg respectively, and the average output power was 11.22 ± 0.18, 11.06 ± 0.15 and 10.40 ± 0.30 W / kg, respectively There was a significant difference between the average output power (P <0.05). The maximum and average output power values ​​of female athletes were significantly lower than that of peer male athletes (P <0.05). However, considering the lean body mass difference between the sexes, the results of anaerobic power have non-sexous consistency. In addition, neither of the above-mentioned two types have any necessary connection between aerobic and anaerobic determination values. In short, Athletes with high aerobic, anaerobic output power characteristics. Accordingly, we believe that aerobic and anaerobic abilities may be important determinants of cyclists’ performance.