论文部分内容阅读
通过田间试验,采用封闭式酸吸收法和静态箱法,研究秸秆生物炭对棕壤玉米旱田NH_3挥发和N_2O排放以及氮肥利用效率的影响。试验设不施氮肥(对照CK)、单施氮肥(NB0)、施氮基础增施20 t·hm~(-2)生物炭(NB20)、施氮基础增施40 t·hm~(-2)生物炭(NB40)4个处理。结果表明,各施肥处理的NH3挥发量差异显著,表现为NB0>NB20>NB40,NB20和NB40分别比NB0降低24.07%和37.62%。NB20和NB40可显著降低N_2O排放量,分别比NB0降低21.76%和19.57%,而NB20和NB40之间差异不显著。NB20和NB40显著增加了土壤的p H、全氮和有机碳含量,降低了土壤的容重。相关分析表明,NH_3挥发量与土壤容重和铵态氮含量均呈极显著正相关,与土壤有机碳含量呈显著负相关;N_2O排放量与土壤容重呈显著正相关,与土壤硝态氮含量和有机碳含量呈显著负相关。与NB0相比,NB20提高了氮肥利用效率,玉米产量显著提高6.07%,而NB40降低了氮肥利用效率,玉米产量显著降低了13.88%。
The effects of straw biochar on NH_3 emission and N_2O emission and nitrogen use efficiency of dryland maize field were studied through field experiments, closed acid absorption method and static box method. In the experiment, nitrogen application (CK), single nitrogen application (NB0), basal application of 20 t · hm -2 biochar (N 2) were applied to nitrogen application and basal application of 40 t · hm -2 ) Biochar (NB40) 4 treatments. The results showed that there were significant differences in NH3 volatilization between different fertilization treatments, which showed that NB0> NB20> NB40, NB20 and NB40 decreased by 24.07% and 37.62% respectively compared with NB0. NB20 and NB40 can significantly reduce N2O emissions, respectively 21.76% and 19.57% lower than that of NB0, while there is no significant difference between NB20 and NB40. NB20 and NB40 significantly increased p H, total nitrogen and organic carbon content in soil, and decreased soil bulk density. Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between NH3 volatilization and soil bulk density and ammonium nitrogen content, but negatively correlated with soil organic carbon content. There was a significant positive correlation between N2O emission and soil bulk density, Organic carbon content showed a significant negative correlation. Compared with NB0, NB20 increased nitrogen use efficiency, corn yield increased significantly 6.07%, while NB40 reduced nitrogen use efficiency, corn yield decreased significantly 13.88%.