Wre summarize and comment on the topics discussed by the contributors to this Special Issue of Asian Journal of Andrology.The scope of varicocele covers a wide spectrum,including proteomics and metabolomics,hormonal control,interventional therapy,and assisted reproductive technology (ART).The sdection of topics demonstrates the exciting breadth of this thematic area and the opportunity research holds for both increasing the understanding and improving the reproductive health of males with varicocele.