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目的介绍一门新型学科——畸形毒理学,了解畸形是致残的重要原因,从而预防残疾。方法综述了各种致畸原、致畸机理与致畸试验的研究方法。结果畸形毒理学研究致畸病因、致畸作用、影响因素、致畸结局、致畸机理及防治;孕妇及其他人出生后对致畸因子的感受性存在着个体差异,致畸因子的作用机制也有所不同,其损伤与剂量有关,畸形发生有先天和后天畸形,出生后致畸原的鉴定亦可通过动物试验及替代试验、临床观察以及人群的流行病学调查来确定。结论认识畸形毒理学,对于提高医务人员防治畸形的水平、预防残疾有一定的意义。
Objective To introduce a new type of discipline, deformity toxicology, to understand the deformity is an important cause of disability, thereby preventing disability. Methods The methods of teratogenesis, teratogenicity and teratogenicity were reviewed. Results Teratology Toxicology study of teratogenicity, teratogenicity, influencing factors, teratogenicity, teratogenic mechanisms and prevention; pregnant women and others after birth on the susceptibility of teratogenic factors exist individual differences in the mechanism of action of teratogenic factors Different, the damage and dose-related, deformity occurs with congenital and acquired deformity, identification of teratogenic after birth can also be animal experiments and alternative tests, clinical observations and population epidemiological investigation to determine. Conclusion Understanding deformity toxicology, to improve the level of prevention and treatment of medical staff deformity, prevention of disability has some significance.