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长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNAs,lncRNAs)是20世纪末期被发现的一类具有特定功能的非编码RNA(noncoding RNAs,ncRNAs)。发现初期,lncRNAs被认为是不具有生物学功能。随着microRNA,shRNA,siRNA,tRNA等非编码RNA等陆续发现,其在研究和实际应用中的地位也越来越重要,人们开始把精力投放到非编码RNA的研究。持续深入地研究发现,lncRNAs被作为一类具有特定功能的非编码RNA,在细胞的增殖、分化和机体的发育中发挥着重大作用。人们生活水平的不断提高,包括糖尿病、妊娠期糖尿病、肥胖等在内的多种代谢疾病的发病率也在显著提高,而目前关于lncRNAs在糖尿病、妊娠期糖尿病、肥胖等在内的多种代谢疾病中的研究报道还比较少,全文主要总结了近几年关于lncRNAs相关作用机制的研究及其在一些代谢疾病中的研究进展。
Long-chain non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a type of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) with specific functions discovered in the late 20th century. Found early, lncRNAs are considered to have no biological function. With the discovery of non-coding RNAs such as microRNAs, shRNAs, siRNAs, and tRNAs, their status in research and practical applications is becoming more and more important. People began to devote their energies to the study of non-coding RNAs. In-depth study found that lncRNAs play a significant role as a group of non-coding RNAs with specific functions in the proliferation, differentiation and development of cells. People’s living standards continue to improve, including diabetes, gestational diabetes, obesity and other metabolic diseases are also significantly increased the incidence of a variety of metabolic diseases currently on the lncRNAs in diabetes, gestational diabetes, obesity, etc. The reports of diseases are still relatively few. The full text mainly summarizes the research on the related mechanism of lncRNAs in recent years and its research progress in some metabolic diseases.