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近年来对镉(Cd)与慢性疾患的关系进行了一系列研究。Cd 在人体内的功能尚不明,它广泛分布于人体各组织中。Cd是许多食物、纸烟和空气污染的组成成分,可通过消化道和呼吸道两条途径进入机体。再则,职业性接触 Cd 可在多种工业中发生,例如电镀、合金制造、焊接、蓄电池厂等。曾报道 Cd 在动物可引起恶性肿瘤,这可能是由于 Cd 是锌(Zn)的竞争性抑制剂,过量的 Cd 部分或全部地抑制了依存Zn 的酶类。Cd 作为人类致癌原因的证据尚不足。曾发现死于肺癌的患者的 Cd 含量比对照组高;在长期接触 Cd 的工人中,
In recent years, a series of studies have been conducted on the relationship between cadmium (Cd) and chronic diseases. The function of Cd in the human body is still unknown. It is widely distributed in various human tissues. Cd is a component of many foods, cigarette smoke, and air pollution that can enter the body through both the digestive and respiratory pathways. In addition, occupational exposure to Cd can occur in a variety of industries, such as electroplating, alloy manufacturing, welding, battery factories, and the like. Cd has been reported to cause malignant tumors in animals. This may be due to the fact that Cd is a competitive inhibitor of zinc (Zn). Excessive Cd partially or completely inhibits Zn-dependent enzymes. The evidence of Cd as a cause of human carcinogenesis is still insufficient. The Cd content of patients who died of lung cancer was found to be higher than that of the control group; among workers who had long-term exposure to Cd,