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目的了解延安地区浅部真菌病发病情况及致病菌种分布特征和发病相关因素。方法回顾性分析延安大学附属医院皮肤科门诊2012年1月-2015年6月确诊的皮肤浅部真菌病患者发病情况,分析其致病菌种、年龄、性别和临床特征的关系。结果确诊的1 422例皮肤浅部真菌病中,前三位依次是足癣471例(33.12%),甲真菌病284例(19.97%),手癣202例(14.21%);致病菌中前三位依次是红色毛癣菌772株(54.29%),须癣毛癣菌173株(12.17%),白念珠菌147株(10.34%);患病人数最多者为31~40岁年龄组393例(27.64%);男女均以足癣比例最大,分别为264例(34.29%)和207例(31.75%)。结论延安地区浅部真菌病以足癣、甲真菌病和手癣较常见,致病菌以红色毛癣菌、须癣毛癣菌和白念珠菌为主,好发于中青年。
Objective To understand the incidence of superficial fungal diseases in Yan’an and the distribution characteristics and pathogenesis of pathogenic bacteria. Methods The incidence of skin superficial mycosis patients diagnosed from January 2012 to June 2015 in Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Yan’an University was retrospectively analyzed. The relationship among pathogenic bacteria, age, sex and clinical features was analyzed. Results Among the 1 422 cases of superficial mycosis, 471 (33.12%) were athlete’s tinea pedis, 284 (19.97%) were onychomycosis and 202 (14.21%) were ringworm. The top three were Trichophyton rubrum 772 strains (54.29%), Trichophyton mentagrophytes 173 strains (12.17%) and Candida albicans 147 strains (10.34%). The most patients were 31-40 years old 393 cases (27.64%). The proportion of tinea pedis was the highest among men and women, which were 264 cases (34.29%) and 207 cases (31.75%) respectively. Conclusion The superficial fungal diseases in Yan’an are more common with tinea pedis, onychomycosis and hand ringworm. The pathogens are Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Candida albicans, which occur mainly in middle-aged and young adults.