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卵泡发育是一个受内分泌、旁分泌及基因调节的复杂的生理过程。基因通过表达产物反馈调节卵泡发育,但它们各自对卵泡发育的调节作用有所不同。FOXL2基因能促进卵泡的生长、发育及抗凋亡,AMH基因、GDF-9基因、INH基因与卵泡早期的生长和发育有关。原癌基因c-myc促进卵泡发育和黄体形成,c-mos基因在卵母细胞减数分裂中呈现特异作用,而bcl-2和bax分别参与了卵巢颗粒细胞的增殖和凋亡的调节。由于各基因调控的相互协调,才使卵泡得以正常生长、发育和成熟。
Follicular development is a complex physiological process regulated by endocrine, paracrine and genetic factors. Genes regulate follicular development through feedback of expression products, but each has different regulatory effects on follicular development. FOXL2 gene can promote follicle growth, development and anti-apoptosis, AMH gene, GDF-9 gene, INH gene and early follicular growth and development. The proto-oncogene c-myc promotes follicular development and corpus luteum formation. The c-mos gene plays a specific role in oocyte meiosis, while bcl-2 and bax are involved in the regulation of ovarian granulosa cell proliferation and apoptosis respectively. Due to the coordinated regulation of various genes, follicles to normal growth, development and maturation.