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目的:检测前列腺特异性膜抗原(prostate specific membrane antigen,PSMA)基因及蛋白在前列腺癌组织中的表达。方法:分别采用半定量RT-PCR法及免疫组织化学法检测52例前列腺癌组织及35例前列腺增生组织中PSMA基因及蛋白的表达情况。结果:①PSMA在前列腺癌及前列腺增生组织中表达阳性率分别为84.6%(44/52)及68.6%(24/35),虽然前列腺癌组织中PSMA表达阳性率高于前列腺增生组织,但两组阳性率间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。PSMAmRNA半定量结果在两组间存在差异,癌组织中PSMA的表达量明显高于增生组织中的表达(P<0.05)。②前列腺癌组织中PSMA蛋白表达总阳性率高达94.2%,明显高于增生组织中的阳性率(65.7%),且以++～+++居多。结论:PSMA基因及蛋白的表达在前列腺癌组织均高于前列腺增生组织,提示其可作为前列腺癌诊断指标。
Objective: To detect the expression of prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) gene and its protein in prostate cancer. Methods: The expressions of PSMA gene and protein in 52 cases of prostate cancer and 35 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia were detected by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry respectively. Results: ① The positive rates of PSMA expression in prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia were 84.6% (44/52) and 68.6% (24/35), respectively. Although the positive rate of PSMA in prostate cancer was higher than that in benign prostatic hyperplasia, There was no significant difference between the positive rates (P> 0.05). Semiquantitative results of PSMAmRNA showed difference between the two groups. The expression of PSMA in cancer tissue was significantly higher than that in hyperplastic tissue (P <0.05). ② The positive rate of PSMA protein expression in prostate cancer was 94.2%, which was significantly higher than that in hyperplastic tissues (65.7%), and was mostly ++ to +++. Conclusion: The expression of PSMA gene and protein in prostate cancer tissue are higher than that of benign prostatic hyperplasia, suggesting that it can be used as a diagnostic indicator of prostate cancer.