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目的了解贵阳市中学生健康素养现况及其影响因素。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法,根据“2014年中国居民健康素养问卷”编制的问卷,2015年5月对3 295名中学生进行问卷调查,采用SPSS 20.0软件对资料进行统计分析。结果贵阳市中学生具备健康素养的比例为5.5%,三个方面中健康素养水平最高的是基本技能30.0%,最低的是基本健康知识和理念4.6%;6类健康问题中素养水平最高的是安全与急救47.8%,最低为慢性病防治10.4%;单因素χ~2分析显示,不同地区、本地户籍、独生子女、学校是否开设健康教育课、父母文化程度、学习成绩自评和不同年级中学生具备健康素养水平的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);多因素logistic回归分析显示,不同地区、父亲文化程度、学习成绩自评、学校是否开设健康教育课和不同年级是中学生健康素养水平的主要影响因素。结论贵阳市中学生健康素养水平总体偏低,与父亲文化程度、学习成绩、年级和学校开设健康教育课等因素有关。
Objective To understand the status of middle school students’ health literacy in Guiyang and its influencing factors. Methods A multistage stratified cluster sampling method was used. According to the questionnaire compiled by the 2014 China Resident Health Literacy Questionnaire, 3 295 middle school students were surveyed by questionnaire in May 2015, and the data were analyzed by using SPSS 20.0 software. Results The proportion of middle school students with health literacy in Guiyang was 5.5%. Among the three aspects, the highest level of health literacy was the basic skills of 30.0%, the lowest was basic health knowledge and philosophy of 4.6%. Among the six kinds of health problems, the highest level of literacy was safety And 47.8% for first aid, and 10.4% for chronic disease prevention. The results of single factor χ ~ 2 analysis showed that health education classes, parental education, self-assessment of academic achievement and middle school students with different grades were healthy in different regions, (P <0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that depending on the region, father’s educational level, self-assessment of academic performance, whether health education classes were set up in schools and different grades were the major factors in secondary school students’ health literacy Influencing factors. Conclusion The level of health literacy of middle school students in Guiyang is generally low, which is related to their father’s educational level, academic achievement, grade and health education classes in schools.