开放改革是近代以来所有落后民族面临的重大课题,也是后进国家赶超先进国家的必由之路。然而,近代中国开放改革的历程却是一条充满了苦痛与屈辱,艰辛和曲折的漫长而坎坷的道路。这不但有帝国主义的侵略阻挠,而且尚有来自封建统治阶级内部守旧势力的攻击和掣肘。但是时代的潮流不可逆转,这位古老的东方巨人在甲午之前总算迈开了开放改革的第一步。尽管这一步走得不象样子,但其开步走的功绩不可埋没。在改革开放的今天,回顾这一段历史,考察其得失利弊,总结其经验教训,无疑具有重要意义。 Open reform is an important issue that all underappreciated nations face since the modern era and is also the only way for the backward countries to catch up with the advanced countries. However, the course of opening up and reform in modern China is a long and bumpy road full of pain and humiliation, hardships and twists and turns. This not only impedes and impedes imperialist aggression, but there are still attacks and constraints from the old feudal forces within the feudal ruling class. However, the trend of the times is irreversible. The ancient Oriental giant finally took the first step in opening up reform before the noon time. Although this step does not go the same way, but its meritorious deeds can not be buried. Today, during the course of reform and opening up, it is undoubtedly of great significance to review this passage of history, examine its pros and cons and sum up their experiences and lessons.