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目的探讨妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)对子代体脂重量及分布的影响。方法选取100例母亲为GDM的新生儿作为研究组,选取同期分娩的100例孕期血糖正常母亲的新生儿作为对照组,检测两组新生儿的身长、体重、胸围、头围、皮褶厚度,对比两组新生儿的脂质重量、去脂质重量、体脂百分率等。结果研究组新生儿母亲的孕期体重、孕前BMI、分娩前体重、孕期增重、FPG、1hPG、2hPG值均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),剖宫产率也显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组新生儿髂嵴上部、肩胛下角部、肱三头肌部的皮褶厚度均显著大于对照组(P<0.05),体脂百分率、脂质重量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),去脂质重量显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。FPG、孕期增重、孕前BMI是影响新生儿体脂百分率和脂质重量的主要因素(P<0.05),母亲身高、孕期增重是影响去脂质重量的重要因素(P<0.05)。结论 GDM会引起子代体脂重量、体脂百分率升高,孕期高血糖及孕期增重是影响子代体脂含量及分布的重要因素。
Objective To investigate the effect of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on body fat weight and its distribution in offspring. Methods 100 newborns with GDM mothers were selected as the study group. 100 newborns with normal blood sugar during pregnancy were selected as the control group. Body length, body weight, chest circumference, head circumference, skinfold thickness, Compare the two groups of newborns lipid weight, to lipid weight, body fat percentage. Results The body weight, pre-pregnancy BMI, body weight before delivery, weight gain during pregnancy, FPG, 1hPG and 2hPG in study group were significantly higher than those in control group (P <0.05), cesarean section rate was also significantly higher than that in control group P <0.05). In the study group, the skinfold thickness at the superior iliac crest, subscapular angle and triceps brachii of the newborn group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P <0.05), the body fat percentage and lipid weight were significantly higher than those of the control group (P <0.05) , The weight of the lipids was significantly lower than that of the control group (P <0.05). FPG, weight gain during pregnancy and BMI before pregnancy were the main factors influencing body fat percentage and lipid weight in newborns (P <0.05). The height and weight gain during pregnancy were the important factors affecting lipid-lowering weight (P <0.05). Conclusion GDM can cause body fat weight, fat percentage, pregnancy hyperglycemia and pregnancy weight gain is an important factor affecting body fat content and distribution.