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本文应用扫描电镜和透射电镜,观察离体培养鸡胚脑细胞的超微结构,侧重描述了神经细胞及其突起间突触连接的形态特征。培养4天后,分化发育成为双极和多极的神经细胞及其突起,彼此已连成网络,并出现初期的突触连接,还见有突触前袋样结构和桥粒样细胞连接。培养7天后,神经细胞之间的轴-树、轴-体和轴-轴等类型的突触连接数目增多,透明突触囊泡密集,结构更完善。培养10天和14天后,神经细胞之间的突触连接仍较多,但已出现神经细胞变性,纤维性神经胶质细胞明显增多。
In this paper, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were used to observe the ultrastructure of chick embryo brain cells cultured in vitro, focusing on describing the morphological characteristics of synaptic connections between neurons and their processes. After 4 days of culture, the differentiated and developed bipolar and multipolar nerve cells and their protrusions are connected to each other and form an initial synaptic connection. Also, a presynaptic pouch-like structure and desmosome-like cell connections are seen. After 7 days of cultivation, the number of synaptic connections such as axis-tree, axis-body and axis-axis among neurons increased. The synaptic vesicles were dense and the structure was more perfect. After cultured for 10 days and 14 days, the synaptic connections between nerve cells are still more, but the degeneration of nerve cells and the increase of fibrous glial cells have appeared.