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针对高压空气弹射装置中,气体黏性流动造成的内耗散和沿程损失对内弹道性能的影响,结合高压下空气黏度公式,重点考虑低压室内的黏性流动,得到了未充分发展黏性流体在非定常状态下的能量损失计算方法。基于高压空气真实气体效应分析,建立了考虑气体摩擦的高压空气弹射内弹道数学模型,进行了数值求解。对比结果表明:气体摩擦效应对快速、瞬时过程造成的干扰量较小,对象宏观特性变化不大,低精度系统中可忽略不计。通过对结果的规律性进行探究,发现摩擦效应降低了有用功的转化率,减缓了气体膨胀速率,造成低压室压力的非均匀分布、高压室到低压室的质量流量波动和弹体初始时刻的碰撞。
In view of the influence of internal dissipation caused by gas viscous flow and the loss of internal trajectory on the performance of internal ballistics in high pressure air ejection device, the viscous flow in low pressure chamber is emphatically considered with the formula of air viscosity under high pressure, Calculation method of energy loss of fluid in unsteady state. Based on the analysis of the real gas effect of high pressure air, the mathematical model of high pressure air ejection internal ballistics considering gas friction was established and numerically solved. The comparison results show that the gas friction effect has less interference to the fast and transient process, the macroscopic characteristics of the object have little change, and the low-precision system can be neglected. By investigating the regularity of the results, it was found that the frictional effect reduced the conversion of useful work, slowed down the gas expansion rate, caused the non-uniform distribution of pressure in the low pressure chamber, the mass flow fluctuation in the high pressure chamber to the low pressure chamber, collision.