进入90年代以来,我国许多江河都出现了“小水大灾”的现象,致使同频率洪水条件下洪灾加剧,原有防洪规划适应性变差,给江河治理带来了难以克服的困难。种种证据表明,近年来的“小水大灾”与江河泥沙冲淤有着密切的关系,撇开泥沙运动来研究洪水灾害防治不易找到治本之策。因此,开展江河泥沙灾害形成机理及其防治研究已经十分迫切。本文就该项研究的背景、国内外研究现状进行介绍,并简要展望主要预期研究成果。 Since the 90s of last century, many rivers in our country have experienced the phenomenon of “small floods and major floods”, resulting in more floods under the same frequency flood conditions and the poor adaptability of original flood control plans, which has brought difficulties that are unmanageable for river control. All kinds of evidences show that in recent years there has been a close relationship between the “flood disaster” and erosion and sedimentation of rivers and rivers. It is not easy to find a permanent solution to the study of flood disaster prevention and control regardless of sediment movement. Therefore, it is very urgent to carry out the research on the formation mechanism and prevention and cure of the rivers and silt disasters. This article describes the background of the study, the current situation at home and abroad are introduced, and briefly forecast the main expected results.