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文本理论是20世纪西方文论中重视文本自身与读者解读关系的重要理论。各种形态文本理论的强势发展对“强制阐释”现象的出现及渐成声势具有不同影响。语言客体文本理论固执地运用语言学方法研究文学,虽立足文本展开研究,但方法论意义上的强制性非常明显;读者审美解读文本理论关注文本特质与读者互动关系,指出彼此互动多于某一方面的强制介入,准确、有效地解释了读者文本解读与赏析的自然过程;而话语意识形态文本理论则着重指出了文本作为表意实践方式的社会干预功能,倡导文学的文化研究,其中观点先行现象较为突出,是真正意义上的“强制阐释”。科学的文学研究应吸取各种文本理论所长,立足文本客观存在基础上探究其审美特质与社会功能,避免“强制阐释”不良倾向的产生。
Text theory is an important theory in the western literary theory in the 20th century that emphasizes the relationship between the text itself and readers. The strong development of various forms of text theory has a different impact on the emergence of the phenomenon of “forced interpretation” and the gradual formation of momentum. Although the textual object theory of stubbornness uses the method of linguistics to study literature stubbornly, it is obvious that the methodological significance is compulsory. Although readers’ aesthetic interpretation of text theory focuses on the interaction between textual characteristics and readership, it points out that there is more interaction with each other than one aspect , And the discourse ideology text theory emphasizes the function of the text as a social intervention in the form of ideological practice and advocates the cultural study of literature, in which the viewpoint of the forerunner is more Prominent, is the real sense of “mandatory interpretation.” Scientific literary studies should draw on the director of various textual theories, explore their aesthetic qualities and social functions based on the objective existence of texts, and avoid the emergence of “forced interpretations” of undesirable tendencies.