论文部分内容阅读
【目的】对比分析紫菀不同极性段提取物的镇咳、平喘及祛痰效果,为进一步研究其药效机理提供理论基础,也为其开发利用提供科学参考。【方法】分别采用浓氨水致咳法、喷雾引喘法、毛细玻管法观察紫菀不同极性段提取物对小鼠的镇咳效果、对豚鼠的平喘效果及对麻醉大鼠的祛痰效果。【结果】石油醚组(Ⅰ)、最后母液组(Ⅳ)及75%乙醇组(Ⅴ)可极显著延长小鼠咳嗽的潜伏期和减少2 min内咳嗽次数(P<0.01,下同),正丁醇组(Ⅲ)有显著的镇咳作用(P<0.05,下同);石油醚组(Ⅰ)、正丁醇组(Ⅲ)及75%乙醇组(Ⅴ)能极显著延长4%氯化乙酰胆碱引喘豚鼠的潜伏期;乙酸乙酯组(Ⅱ)、正丁醇组(Ⅲ)、最后母液组(Ⅳ)及75%乙醇组(Ⅴ)可极显著增加大鼠痰液分泌量,石油醚组(Ⅰ)和阳性对照氯化铵组有显著作用。【结论】紫菀75%乙醇提取物具有镇咳、平喘、祛痰作用,3种药效对应的主要有效极性部位分别为石油醚和最后母液部分、石油醚和正丁醇部分、正丁醇和最后母液部分。紫菀镇咳、平喘、祛痰各药效对应的有效极性部位不同,对其药效进行开发利用时应作针对性选择。
【Objective】 To compare the antitussive, antiasthmatic and expectorant effects of extracts from different polarity segments of Aster, to provide a theoretical basis for further study of its pharmacodynamic mechanism and provide scientific references for its exploitation and utilization. 【Method】 The antitussive effects of extract of Asterix phaeoyliferae with different polar fractions on mice were observed by cough method of concentrated ammonia water, asthma-inducing method and capillary glass tube method respectively, antiasthmatic effect on guinea pigs and expectorant effect on anesthetized rats effect. 【Results】 The results showed that the latency of cough and the number of coughs within 2 min (P <0.01, the same below) were significantly prolonged in petroleum ether group (Ⅰ), final mother liquor group (Ⅳ) and 75% ethanol group Butanol group (Ⅲ) had significant antitussive effect (P <0.05, the same below); petroleum ether group (Ⅰ), n-butanol group (Ⅲ) and 75% ethanol group (V) Acetylcholine group (Ⅱ), butanol group (Ⅲ), the last mother liquor group (Ⅳ) and 75% ethanol group (Ⅴ) significantly increased the secretion of sputum in rats, The ether group (Ⅰ) and the positive control ammonium chloride group had a significant effect. 【Conclusion】 Radix et Rhizoma 75% ethanol extract has antitussive, antiasthmatic and expectorant effects. The main effective polar sites corresponding to the three pharmacological effects are petroleum ether and the last mother liquor, petroleum ether and n-butanol, n-butanol and The last mother liquor part. Aster antitussive, antiasthmatic, expectorant efficacy of the corresponding different parts of the effective polarity, the development and utilization of its efficacy should be targeted choice.